| 1957 |
US responds to USSR Sputnik launch by forming Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). |
| 1969 |
First ARPANET node established by Department of Defense (DoD) at UCLA |
| 1970 |
ARPANET hosts start using Network Control Protocol (NCP). |
| 1972 |
Telnet specification (RFC #318) issued. |
| 1973 |
File Transfer specification (RFC #454) issued. |
| 1976 |
IBM develops DES (data encryption standard) adapted in the same year as a federal
standard. |
| 1977 |
Mail specification (RFC #733) issued, and Tymshare launches Tymnet |
| 1981 |
BITNET ("Because It's Time NETwork") provides electronic mail and listserv
servers. |
| 1982 |
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP) established for APARNET,
and External Gateway Protocol specification (RFC #827) is issued. |
| 1984 |
Domain Name Server (DNS) introduced.
The number of Internet hosts exceeds 1,000. |
| 1985 |
The WELL, one of the first computer bulletin-boards, is started. |
| 1987 |
The number of Internet hosts exceeds 10,000. |
| 1988 |
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) is formed in response to "Morris worm"
affecting 6,000 of the 60,000 hosts on the Internet. |
| 1989 |
The number of Internet hosts exceeds 100,000.
Livingston develops the first version of ComOSTM,
the operating system common to all PortMaster Communications Servers and Internetwork
Routers. Also developed in this year was Livingston's PMconsoleTM
management utility with graphical user interface (GUI). |
| 1992 |
The number of Internet hosts exceeds 1,000,000.
Livingston develops Remote
Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) Security and Accounting Server
used to help prevent unauthorized network access as well as to control the access
of authorized users. In the sameyear, Livingston develops its PortMaster IRX product. |
| 1993 |
InterNIC created by the National Science Foundation (NSF) to provide specific Internet
services, and the U.S. White House comes online at http://www.whitehouse.gov. |
| 1994 |
Livingston develops the FireWall
IRX access router. |
| 1995 |
Livingston develops the PortMaster Office Router (Model
OR-U). |
| 1996 |
Livingston's RADIUS 2.0 becomes the worldwide standard for dial-up authentication,
authorization, and accounting in the Internet (RFC #2058). Livingston develops the
PortMaster
3 Integrated Access Server with True Digital architecture. |
| 1997 |
Livingston PortMaster products and ComOS operating system achieves an installed
base of close to a million ports supporting nearly ten million dialup Internet users. |
